Short Name: ENA*Sample required: SerumResult Time: 1 Days Extractable Nuclear Antigens (ENA) represents a family of small nuclear riboprotiens that are associated with uridine-rich ribonucleic acid. There are over 100 different antigens described. The presence of antibodies against ENA is highly suggestive of systemic rheumatic disease, and it is usually performed when the ANA test
Read moreShort Name: ENDO-GSample required: SerumResult Time: 1 Days Endomysial IgG antibodies are less sensitive than IgA antibodies as a tool for diagnosing celiac disease. However, they are useful in case of selective IgA deficiency. See Endomysial Antibodies, IgA, Serum Other related tests: Gliadin, and Reticulin
Read moreShort Name: ENDO-ASample required: SerumResult Time: 1 Days The endomysium is a thin connective tissue layer that covers individual muscle fibers. Anti-endomysial antibodies are developed in reaction to the ongoing damage to the intestinal lining. IgA class anti-endomysial antibodies are very specific, occurring only in celiac disease and dermatitis herpetiformis (a gluten-sensitive condition that causes
Read moreShort Name: DNASample required: SerumResult Time: 1 Days Anti-dsDNA antibodies are the best recognized autoantibodies found in patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE), which is a systemic autoimmune connective tissue disorder involving inflammation and damage to a variety of different tissues and organs. Anti-dsDNA antibodies are considered responsible for much of the kidney disease and
Read moreShort Name: CCPSample required: SerumResult Time: 1 Days Cyclic citrullinated peptide autoantibodies are proteins produced by the immune system in response to a perceived threat from citrulline. Citrulline is an amino acid that may play a role in the autoimmune inflammatory process seen in the joints of those with Rheumatoid arthritis (RA). This test therefore
Read moreShort Name: CARD-MSample required: SerumResult Time: 2 Days The persistent presence of IgG and/or IgM cardiolipin (CL) antibodies in moderate or high levels (greater than 40 GPL and/or greater than 40 MPL units or greater than 99th percentile) is a laboratory criterion for the diagnosis of antiphospholipid syndrome (APS). Persistence is defined as moderate or
Read moreShort Name: CARD-GSample required: SerumResult Time: 2 Days Anti-cardiolipin antibodies are the most common form of anti-phospholipid autoantibodies often directed against cardiolipin. Cardiolipins are lipid molecules found in cell membranes and platelets. They play an important role in the blood clotting process; therefore, antibodies directed against cardiolipin increases an affected persons risk of developing recurrent
Read moreShort Name: b2mSample required: SerumResult Time: 1 Days Beta-2-Glycoprotein 1, also called apolipoprotein H, is an antiphospholipid protein cofactor, with natural anticoagulant properties and an affinity for negatively-charged phospholipids. It is involved in the regulation of the coagulation system. This test is useful in the diagnosis of anti-phospholipid syndrome. A positive result implies an increased
Read moreShort Name: B2GSample required: SerumResult Time: 1 Days Beta-2-Glycoprotein 1, also called apolipoprotein H, is an antiphospholipid protein cofactor, with natural anticoagulant properties and an affinity for negatively-charged phospholipids. It is involved in the regulation of the coagulation system. This test is useful in the diagnosis of anti-phospholipid syndrome. A positive result implies an increased
Read moreShort Name: nmoSample required: SerumResult Time: 2 Days
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